Menilai Dampak Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dalam Mengurangi Ketimpangan Pendapatan: Kasus di Indonesia

This paper aims to inves gate the quan ta ve rela onship between the development of ICT towards income inequality in Indonesia. The paper highlights the poten al of ICT to mi gate income inequality through the crea on of fresh opportuni es for low-skilled labor and reducing transac on costs. However, it also emphasizes the capability of ICT to exacerbate income inequality by favoring skilled workers and those with technology access. The research u lizes a balanced panel dataset spanning the period from 2015 to 2022 and data collected from all 34 provinces within Indonesia, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the country's demographic and economic diversity. The study's f indings reveal a nega ve correla on between ICT development and income inequality, indica ng that the observed effect size is rela vely small while ICT can reduce income dispari es. ICT can help alleviate income inequality among MSMEs by aiding produc vity and reducing transac on costs. A 90% reduc on in mobile data prices can also boost economic growth and reduce income disparity by enabling more people, especially low-income individuals and MSMEs, to engage in digital businesses and e-commerce. Despite ICT's growing importance in educa on, communica on, and informa on access, households in Indonesia tend to priori ze other expenses over ICT. These results provide valuable insights for policymakers regarding the poten al of ICT development to promote a more inclusive and fair economic environment in Indonesia.